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In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, with the exception of 220 kV/154 kV interconnection in Northeast China and 77 kV interconnection in Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan, the main form of my country’s power system was an isolated power grid centered on large cities, with an average single unit capacity of 7000 kW. The installed capacity is only 1.85 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation capacity is 4.3 billion kilowatt hours. Small and medium-sized cities and rural areas are basically without electricity.
Since the reform and opening up, the implementation of a series of policies such as raising funds for power generation has greatly promoted power construction and led to the rapid development of my country's power system. In 1981, the first large-scale hydropower station on the Yangtze River, the first unit of Gezhouba Hydropower Station was put into operation. In 1989, my country's first domestically produced 600,000 kilowatt generating unit was put into operation in Anhui Pingwei Power Plant. In 1991, my country's first self-designed pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, Zhejiang Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, was put into operation. In 1981, my country's first 500 kV AC transmission channel from Henan Pingdingshan to Hubei Wuchang project was put into operation. In 1990, my country's first ±500 kV DC transmission channel from Gezhouba to Shanghai was put into operation. The country has formed a power system structure consisting of five regional power grids in Northeast China, North China, Northwest China, Central China, and East China, the southern joint power grid, and 10 independent provincial power grids.
Entering the new century, my country has initiated the reform of the electric power system,cable winch puller implementing separation of government and enterprises, and separation of power plants and power grids. At the same time, the country has implemented the strategy of western development and power transmission from west to east, and the construction of large power supply bases and large power grids has entered a stage of rapid development. In 2003, the first unit of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, the world's largest hydropower station, was put into operation, with a single unit capacity of 700,000 kilowatts. In 2006, my country's first million-kilowatt ultra-supercritical thermal power unit was put into operation at Zhejiang Yuhuan Power Plant. In 2009, my country's first 1,000 kV UHV AC test demonstration line was put into operation in the southeast of Shanxi-Jingmen UHV project, and the first UHV DC channel from Yunnan to Guangzhou ±800 kV DC transmission project was put into operation in a single pole.
In 2015, my country's independent third-generation nuclear power "Hualong One" first reactor Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 started construction. In 2019, the ±1100 kV DC transmission project from Xinjiang Zhundong to Southern Anhui, the world's highest voltage transmission channel with the largest transmission capacity, was put into operation. Up to now, except for Taiwan, my country's provincial power grids have all achieved AC and DC interconnection, basically forming a national interconnection pattern, with 20 cross-provincial and cross-regional UHV transmission channels, with the highest AC voltage level of 1000 kV and the highest DC voltage level of ±1100 With a kilovolt, the world's largest multi-regional interconnection, AC and DC hybrid power system has been built.
